Pros:
Simplifies extensive research
ESG rankings boil many complicated factors down into a simple number, making it much easier to get a sense of the ethical impacts that publicly traded companies have on the world.
Relatively easy to look up
Thanks to widely-available research tools, ESG research is easily accessible online, both as free summaries and paid in-depth reports.
Tackles factors otherwise difficult to look up
Some ESG factors can be difficult to find through independent research, particularly when they deal with the inner workings of the company. ESG ratings look at such factors, such as how they treat their workers, the diversity of their internal leadership, and more.
Cons:
Extreme negatives can be hidden by extreme positives
Since ESGs are an aggregate rating, a company that has negatives which you might consider to be deal-breakers might be balanced out by positive performance elsewhere. For example, a company that sells dangerous products could have a positive ESG rating if they treat their workers well and have a small carbon footprint.
ESG adds another layer of research
An investing strategy will often involve a fair amount of research to begin with. While ESG does a great deal to simplify socially responsible investing, it’s worth noting that it does add an extra step to the selection process if you’re building your own portfolio.
ESG ratings are constantly changing
An ESG rating doesn’t last forever. Companies with poor ESG ratings could change leadership, address their issues, and clean up their act, while companies thought to be good can have scandals uncovered or decide to adopt poor business practices.